Amal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Amal - Assignment Example In the profession improvement world, Holland, Super, Gottfredson, Brown, and Krumboltz shed some light on process-objectives. Procedure objectives are steps that lead to vocation advancement objectives. With the goal for people to execute these methodologies, it is essential that they get presented to genuine situations in which they can have the option to look into their gained abilities set. For example, expanding their capability would mean plunking down them independently or in little gatherings and disclosing the ideas to them through genuine system. Every one of them additionally concur that teaming up is without a doubt basic so as to flourish in any calling as the considerations of thoughts, information, and practices are traded. They will in general concur that people must follow a system of coordinated effort, objective setting, and down to earth hypothesis that empowers them to outfit their profession. The customary vocation improvement model is to instruct first and after ward apply these abilities, which can be dangerous due to support and nature advancement. Most professions involve long coursework, which might possibly be pertinent to that specific range of abilities. This remains constant in a portion of the specialized vocations, particularly the ones around the car profession include a greater amount of training work. I think it is urgent to comprehend that some migrant families make some hard memories absorbing. 2. Pick a specific populace for one of the accompanying parts of assorted variety: age, sex, sexual direction, or incapacity, and talk about the issues which you should know about so as to convey profession guiding successfully. Additionally, in what capacity will your own experience and character be a factor for you in working with this specific populace? You should use at least two diary articles for this inquiry. A tremendous issue that lone infections foreigner, particularly ladies migrants as entrepreneurs is sexual orientation disparity. I have direct seen sexual orientation imbalance, which has become

Gateway Essay Samples - How to Use Social Studies Gateway Essay Samples to Make Your Life Easier

Gateway Essay Samples - How to Use Social Studies Gateway Essay Samples to Make Your Life EasierA lot of students want to know about where they can find social studies gateway essay samples, so here is an article to help you out. In this article, we will discuss the main types of essays that you will need to write for your studies, and the most common way that you will be required to write them.To be honest, writing an essay is not easy. There are many people who would agree that this is the most tedious task. The one way that you can make this task easier is by using social studies gateway essay samples.These gateway essay samples will make your life easier because it is going to make your job a lot easier. The first type of essay that you need to write is an introduction. This essay basically shows your personality traits, and how you can relate to other people.In the introduction, you need to introduce yourself as well as what you are going to be talking about. For example, if you are writing about a religious background in education, you need to talk about what religion you belong to. You also need to give an overview of what you studied. It should be a concise introduction and should leave the reader with a good idea as to what you study in school.The next type of essay that you need to write is a research essay. Research essays are like a detective story that you have to follow. It should include some facts about the topic that you are writing about. You should also include the reasoning behind the facts that you are reporting.After you have completed the research essay, the next step that you should do is a thesis statement. This statement should also be very convincing, as it will be the reason that the reader is reading your essay. In a nutshell, you should be able to create a statement that can stand on its own.The last type of essay that you need to write is a conclusion. This conclusion should include what you have learned from your studies. It shou ld be an explanation of what you are trying to say.As you can see, the gateway essay samples can make your life a lot easier. All you need to do is find the best source for the essay that you are looking for, and it will all be a lot easier.

Discuss the role of John Proctor Essay

Talk about the job of John Proctor in ‘The Crucible’. For what reason does he decide to kick the bucket toward the finish of the play? John Proctor is the hero of the play ‘The Crucible’, composed by Arthur Miller. This is on the grounds that Miller utilizes Proctor as a character to enable the crowd to comprehend the characters’ experience. He does this by either making thoughtful articulations or the activities that Proctor makes, regardless of whether they are brutal or confounding. Mill operator causes us to feel thoughtful for Proctor when Proctor’s spouse, Elizabeth escapes to court for being blamed for doing ‘the devil’s work’. Delegate realizes she is blameless yet no one will trust him. In Act I, John Proctor’s job is to present himself and show his character: ‘Be you hard of hearing? I restrict you go out did I not? ‘ (Proctor, Act I) This remark recommends he gets a kick out of the chance to be incredible and in charge, for this situation, by being compelling. He feels ‘strong about hypocricy, however is collected. Mill operator discloses to us that ‘in the nearness of Proctor an imbecile felt his stupidity instantly’. He likewise discloses to us that delegate ‘is a delinquent against his own vision of better than average conduct’, of which he is discussing the undertaking with Abigail Williams. This is emotional incongruity as, just three characters (counting Proctor) know about this. At the point when we initially meet Proctor he is with Abigail, Mary and Mercy Lewis. Abigail’s first words are: ‘Gah, I’d nearly overlooked how solid you are John Proctor! ‘ (Abigail, Act I) John Proctor rapidly acknowledges what she is inferring and answers: ‘What’s this wickedness at that point? ‘ (Proctor, Act I) This shows he doesn’t need anything to occur among him and Abigail. ‘No, no Abby. That’s finished with. ‘ (Proctor, Act I) Later on he answers with this to Abigail, and this shows he is solid willed, perceives what's going on and the misstep. Anyway Abigail believes that John is simply messing with her and talks about how he gripped her back behind his home and perspired like a steed. ‘I may have turned upward. ‘ (Proctor, Act I) This citation proposes that Proctor is as yet intrigued and this brings over a message that individuals don’t change, for this situation Proctor a miscreant, however then the solid, incredible piece of his character runs over and he takes steps to whip her, to which the stage bearings state ‘shaking her’. This recommends he laments the issue and needs no more to do with Abigail. As an undertaking is bound to have occurred in the twentieth century, the crowd feel for him as the play is set in the late seventeenth century, so Proctor is a man comparatively radical. At the point when Proctor meets Hale, he needs him to make Salem increasingly sensible. He shows his reasonable character, however could likewise be seen that Proctor is attempting to be ‘in charge’ and think he knows excessively: ‘He don’t have confidence in witches. ‘ (Giles, Act I) ‘I never talk about witches single direction or the other. Will you come Giles? ‘ (Proctor, Act I) ‘I’ve heard you to be a reasonable man Mr Hales. I trust you’ll leave some of it in Salem. ‘ (Proctor, Act I) Act II shows Proctor’s house, and Proctor is tense, which brings pressure upon the crowd. He conveys a firearm, which recommends instability among Salem, and himself. He puts it inclining toward the divider, which is an open point, again indicating frailty. It causes the crowd to feel second rate. AS Elizabeth strolls down the steps he goes to a bowl washing his hands and face. This is emblematic as he is attempting to overlook the undertaking, since he feels so remorseful. This constructs progressively strain: ‘What keeps you so late? It’s practically dull. ‘ (Elizabeth, Act II) This remark of Elizabeth’s shows she is on edge and dubious of his whereabouts. He answers that he was ‘planting out of sight backwoods edge’. At that point proceeds to state: ‘Pray now for a reasonable summer. ‘ (Proctor, Act II) He is attempting to satisfy his significant other, despite everything feeling blame. He says with a smile: ‘I intend to satisfy you, Elizabeth. ‘ (Proctor, Act II) Elizabeth answers, albeit difficult to state, which recommends disavowal or doubt: ‘I know it, John. ‘ (Elizabeth, Act II) Proctor and Elizabeth dread one another, and this delineates the component of the play-dread. Their short sentences and being quiet recommends this, and furthermore brings pressure upon their marriage, and the crowd. Act II is for the most part to do with John Proctor, the meeting of Hale to which he is interrogated concerning his strict endeavors, his contentions with his better half, his doubts of the black magic in Salem and Abigail, and the capture of his significant other. He gets the court order off Cheever: ‘Proctor, you dare not contact the warrant. ‘ (Cheever, Act II) ‘Ripping the warrant. ‘ (Stage bearings, Act II) This is Proctor’s furious side. He recognizes what Abigail is doing, yet nobody will trust him. They go on what Abigail says. As he tears up the warrant, he puts a notoriety in his possession at the courts of the Witch preliminaries. Act III shows Danforth, an appointee senator, conversing with Proctor about black magic. He is addressing about the falsification that Mary Warren has admitted. He needs a second view from John Proctor: ‘We consume a hot fire her; it softens down all covering. ‘ (Danforth, Act III) This identifies with the title of the play ‘The Crucible’. It is an illustration of a pot, which calls attention to the message of the play. As a pot is a compartment where metals are warmed to separate the unadulterated components. In the play, witches are to be refined and ‘to return to God’. At the point when Mary is in court, Proctor is resolved to get the adjudicators to perceive what is truly occurring. He goes into the courts and admits his transgression of infidelity with Abigail to attempt to make the adjudicators perceive the amount of a ‘whore’ she truly is. He hazards his very much safeguarded name to spare his significant other from being hanged. The appointed authorities have no verification: ‘In her life, sir, she have never lied. ‘ (Proctor, Act III) Here he discusses Elizabeth, and he figures she will come clean with the courts of the undertaking, however rather she thinks the courts don’t know. She stresses that she is taking a chance with her husband’s all around noble name, and lies: ‘Answer the inquiry! Is your significant other a reprobate! ‘ (Danforth, Act III) ‘No, sir. ‘ (Elizabeth, Act III) Proctor gets taken into prison for debasing the course of equity: ‘Marshal! Take him and Corey with him to the prison! ‘ (Danforth, Act III) Hale acknowledges what's going on and stops the courts. Act IV is disastrous, bringing the demise of the ‘hero’ of the play. Danforth is doing nearly anything he can to get an admission from Proctor. For instance he gets Elizabeth, his significant other that he makes a decent attempt to if it's not too much trouble to proceed to converse with him. They comprehend what Proctor implied by all the falsehoods. Abigail ran off the Barbados. At the point when Proctor sees Elizabeth once more, it makes a sad climate. To them it appears to be practically incredible, similar to they didn’t figure they would see each other once more. The short, fast sentences that they trade give us a feeling of pressure: ‘You are a †wonder, Elizabeth. ‘ (Proctor, Act IV) ‘You †have been tormented? ‘ (Elizabeth, Act IV) As she asks Proctor this it demonstrates that she needs to pardon him, and that she needs to cherish him once more. He chooses to admit about witchery, for Elizabeth’s purpose. When the admission has been recorded he gets it, saying: You have all seen it †it is sufficient. ‘ (Proctor, Act IV) He will not sign his admission. He doesn’t need to darken his name any longer: ‘God knows how dark my wrongdoings are! It is sufficient! ‘ (Proctor, Act IV) If he doesn’t give it back, or sign the admission, he will be hanged, he will be murdered. Rather he tears it like, much the same as he did the warrant/He chooses to kick the bucket. The environment turns awful goes still. The audience’s response is likewise lamentable, yet in addition justifiable †all things considered, that was the job of John Proctor. He decides to bite the dust since he would darken his name, and his children’s name †Proctor. He understands he has destroyed his notoriety from the undertaking, and that the courts in Salem were done. He couldn’t lie any longer. He picked his own passing instead of selling out of his inner voice. This gives us that he also has gotten through the fire to be cleansed, much the same as the unadulterated components removed from the metals in a pot.

Legal Issues Civil And Common Law, History Of French Law - 2750 Words

Legal Issues: Civil And Common Law, History Of French Law (Research Paper Sample) Content: Legal IssuesAuthors Name:Institutional AffiliationExecutive summaryThe aim of the current study is to perform a comparative analysis of the American and French legal systems. It is found that both systems have their history in the Greek and Roman traditions of the law. The French system is solely based on a gradual evolution from the roman papal system while the American system is largely inherited from the British common law system. It is also found that the French tend to centralize the training of both lawyers and judges. This is opposed to the American way where lawyers are trained based on state laws. American judges are also either appointed or elected, thus becoming more of a political office as opposed to a civil one. French lawyers were initially trained in the roman and canon laws, signifying the countrys leanings towards religion. In addition, learning in academic law schools has leaned towards the professor with student participation being limited. The law student gain access to the bar association in the middle of their four-year course, which is unlike the US where the student takes the examination before joining law school. Given the numerous differences that exist between the two nations, it is recommended that aspiring students take care to study the legal careers and processes that must be followed in their jurisdictions before embarking on their journey to a promising career.IntroductionThe legal profession is one of the oldest among modern practices CITATION Rob15 \l 1033 (Roberts, 2015). In ancient Greece, it was common for an individual who was facing trail to represent the facts of the case on his own. However, there was an increasing culture where the person was allowed to call upon the help of another person who would help him argue out the case. Soon, it was the practice that there were professionals who specified in the trail of specific cases. While the ancient Greeks did not take time to learn and study law, the pra ctice was founded among Romans who had a class of people who took time to study previous cases and current law. This would then be translated to the French culture where there was the establishment of law schools to train such individuals. The American legal system was then borrowed from the European structure. In the modern world, the legal profession is paramount in both the French and American way of life. While significant differences exist between the two countries, their lawyers continue to shape not only the legal profession but also business, medicine, among others. Indeed, both countries depend upon the rule of law in order to achieve a systematic way of achieving their goals. This is highly dependent on the education that has been imparted upon each countrys lawyers for in order to have outstanding laws, then the individuals trained in the profession must have an acute understanding of the peoples needs and what should be done to resolve their problems. Given this backgrou nd, the current study aims at investigating the French and American legal education systems. The study will adopt a comparative approach in achieving its goals.Civil and common lawCivil law refers to that part of a countrys principles that are codified in an act or its alternative. Civil laws can be argued to those laws that are based on a written document as the primary document. In this case, the document becomes the primary source of reference when arguing out a case. Therefore, civil law is a set of doctrines that can only be changed when the document in question is altered CITATION Rob15 \l 1033 (Roberts, 2015). For example, it is illegal to drive in the United States if the individual is under the age of 16. However, each state has its individual regulations that govern the practice of driving. These regulations are spelt in black and white in that a person who is found driving at the age of 15 is certain to be tried as being an unlawful driver. There are also laws that gover n the disposal of waste and other daily activities. Civil law can emerge from directives issued by the executive arm of the government such as the one where it is illegal in most countries to take unauthorized photographs of military institutions. They can also emerge from the legislative arm of government as seen in the form of acts that are discussed before being made law.However, there are cases where it is not accurate or just to use the civil law in trying an individual. In these instances, it becomes vital to understand the context under which the act of commission or omission occurred. It is under these circumstances that it becomes necessary for the judge and lawyers to present their cases based on the context instead of the facts as they are presented in a legal document. This then forms part of the nations common law as contained in previous court rulings CITATION Smi13 \l 1033 (Smits, 2013). When a country gives great weight to previous court rulings in deciding a curren t case, then it is possible to create an entire legal system that is based on common law. In the modern legal context, a majority of developed nations lean towards a mixture of common and civil law. This allows for civil laws to be understood and interpreted in the context that the act occurred while leaving the civil law unaltered.History of French lawLike the rest of Europe, French law has its origins in Roman law, which in turn had its origins in Greek law CITATION Dav72 \l 1033 (David, 1972). It is notable that the French territory did not exist until the middle ages when various regions in modern France aligned themselves to the Roman Catholic Church. As such, the first laws to be formally applied in the country were divine laws. With time and the decline of the Holy Roman Empire, the French region would seek to distance itself from divine laws. It was during this time that kings recognized the customs that had been left out during the time the kingdom was part of the Holy Rom an Empire. Even then, the country still held that the papacy was higher than the political office of king until the fourteenth century. The departure between the papacy and the kings office marked a step towards the distinction between papal laws and those dictated by the king and the citizens. The parliamentary system was created during the fifteenth century. During this time, the southern end of the French kingdom applied civil law while the northern end applied common law CITATION Kub94 \l 1033 (Kublicki, 1994). These laws would then be based on a caste system made up of the clergy, the nobility, and common men. The French revolution removed the first two classes and accordant laws. King Napoleon would then create four chapters of law that dealt with procedure, commerce, crimes, and criminal instruction. This marked a more modern approach to laws in France with each of the four chapters all being altered in the twentieth century.History of law schools in France and their impact on French lawAs mentioned earlier, the legal system in France is based on the mediaeval Roman legal system. By the time the Roman legal system was established, it was common for the individual to hire a legal representative trained in oratory skills to make a formal representation on his behest. These orators had no legal training and often practiced as a friend to the individual given that it was illegal to hire such a person. However, the Roman system changed that perception by allowing these representatives to charge some fee for their services. With this and other developments, it became profitable for one to study law.The first legal academic institutions in France specified in teaching the Roman and canon law in Latin CITATION Ell06 \l 1033 (Elliott, Vernon, Jeanpierre, 2006). However, the middle ages saw a decline in the quality of education that was offered in these institutions. The legal system received revival in the seventieth century where it became the national norm that legal academic faculties would teach the French national law. The edict also established the modern system of bachelors, license, and doctorate in law under the French system. However, the French revolution did away with the system of teaching but the years that followed restored some of its qualities such as the three-tier system of learning.The Napoleon era helped establish the modern academic institution as it is today. Under the Napoleon era, the teaching of law in French academic schools would be focused on the nations private laws. Students would be taught by legal professionals who had themselves been assessed to be qualified in their disciplines. This would be modified in the nineteenth century to accommodate the growing desire to have lawyers qualified in certain divisions. The twentieth century saw the codification of these changes and the move towards student participation as opposed to the traditional system that focused on the professor. The current system is made up of studies in civil, commercial, public international, administrative, private international, labor, family, bankruptcy, and negotiable instruments law.Studying law in FranceThe academic system of teaching law is governed by act of 1971 which dictates the judiciary profession. The act was amended in 2004 and is matched by a decree in the same year. In order for one to become a lawyer, it is necessary to first pass an examination that permits the person to enter French law school. The examination is done after the student has finished the first year of a four-year masters class in law. However, many students prefer taking the entry examination after their second year. The entry examination can only be taken a maximum of three times. Those who pass the entry examination are trained at any of the fifteen law schools that offer a mix of both professional and practical education on law. The ...

My General Psychology Instructor Lois Lowry Essay

Professor Reed, my general psychology instructor, assigned a list of novels for the class to choose from to write a book report. The author of the book I choose is Lois Lowry. This is a very short, but interesting book, in my opinion. This book has 256 pages, 10 million copies, and was published by Mr. Houghton Mifflin, in 1993. Mr. Mifflin also encouraged Ms. Lowry to write approximately 30 other children s books. Her reasoning and inspiration for writing such a questioning of authority novel such as â€Å"The Giver†, came from the controversial issues she encountered with her aging father, who long term memory was quickly fading. Without his long-term memory, he could no longer recall the things that caused him pain. She realized, if you re unable to remember the physical and emotional pain, it is impossible to understand what it feels like; so in reality, you haven’t experienced it. How can you be plagued by regret or grief if the things that caused it no longer exis t? This novel was awarded the prestigious Newberry Medal in 1993, along with one other novel she wrote. The name of the novel is what caught my interest and what intrigued me the most. Just from something as simple as a name I knew I would be able to relate to this novel, in some kind of way. I was right! Equally important, the main character is an eleven-year-old by the name of Jonas. He is like no other child in this monotonous world. The protagonist of this book, has the ability of perception that isShow MoreRelatedLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 PagesEdition Arlene G. Taylor The School Library Media Manager, Third Edition Blanche Woolls Basic Research Methods for Librarians Ronald R. Powell and Lynn Silipigni Connoway Library of Congress Subject Headings: Principles and Application, Fourth Edition Lois Mai Chan Developing Library and Information Center Collections, Fifth Edition G. Edward Evans and Margaret Zarnosky Saponaro Metadata and Its Impact on Libraries Sheil a S. Intner, Susan S. Lazinger, and Jean Weihs Organizing Audiovisual and Electronic

Clinton s Speech On Women s Rights - 865 Words

As the world continues to evolve, one painful aspect of growth that still needs resolving is the matter of women’s rights. Hillary Rodham Clinton compelling speech in 1995 at the Nations Fourth World Conference on Women will persuade most audiences. Clinton gives several descriptions of the injustices women’s faces throughout the world. She shows the unfair treatment of women through her experience of visiting other countries and hearing of their struggles. Throughout the speech, Clinton gives a voice to the millions of unheard women by urging the government to take action and end this inequality. Clinton shows her credibility through her use of personal anecdotes, logical reasoning, and compassion, all of which ultimately strengthen her argument for women’s rights. Clinton displays her knowledge of the issue; she is rallying for throughout the speech. She well establishes her credibility by the intelligent tone of the speech. Clinton makes it clear that she is hands on with the cause, for example, â€Å"Earlier today, I participated in a World Health Organization forum. In that forum, we talked about ways that government officials, NGOs, and individual citizens are working to address the health problems of women and girls† (Clinton). She is conveying in this statement, that she not only encourages others, but she is also a soldier in the fight herself. Clinton makes it understood that she is not new to the topic when she states â€Å"over the past 25 years, I have workedShow MoreRelatedAnalyzing Clinton s Speech About Women s Rights986 Words   |  4 PagesAnalyzing Clinton’s speech about women’s rights. On September 5, 1995, many countries came together in Beijing China to hear Hillary Clinton s speech about women s rights. This speech was the United Nations Fourth World Conference of Women. 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She explains the ways in which women’s rights should be equivalent to human’s rights, but are currently not, in China. The issues she was addressing are not issues that we have often

Contemporary Strategy Management

Question: Analyse the strategic issues of the Vodafone Company that is the leading company in mobile communications. Answer: 1. Introduction Vodafone Group PLC is the worlds leading mobile telecommunication company that is operating network in more than 26 countries as well as has partner network with more than 50 countries around the world with significant presence in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia pacific and the United State (Vodafone, 2016). The company was formed as subsidiary of Radal electronic PLC in 1908 and was established to explore the opportunity of the new cellular technology for wireless communication. Furthermore, the companys strategy is focusing on international market and expand its brand precent around the world. The organisation has been managed successfully over 4 CEO with Vittorio Colao who is the fourth CEO and current CEO to manage the company. The main aim of the report is to analyse the strategic issues of the Vodafone Company that is the leading company in mobile communications. The main problem that the company is facing is with maintaining the profit of the company. The main aim of the company recently is to move the strategies to improve the profitability of the firm instead of growth. The objective is to manage international strategies in order increase the global network. The report critically evaluates the case study on Vodafone 2012: Rethinking international strategy. Analysing the case study the author answers the questions such as benefits of international scope in wireless telecomm. The report gives advice to Vodafone on its international strategy as to the business on which Vodafone should divest and invest (Eden and Ackermann 2013). This report is conducted in the purpose of identifying strategic issues or problems that Vodafone is faced which likely to affect the organisation international performance as well as analysis and evaluate each problem in detail and give recommendation for Vodafone to have a better improvement in its strategy and performance in international market. Colao the new CEO of Vodafone company aims at improving the profit condition of the company and expanding the business in the international market. It aims at increasing the benefit that the company can get from its international scope. The organization has been managed successfully over four CEO with Vittorio Colao being the fourth and the current CEO to manage the company. Furthermore, the companys strategy is focusing on international market and expands its brand percent around the world. 2. Identification strategic issues and problems The main benefits of expanding business in international market are that it helps in creating differentiated product giving advantage to the company. The other benefits of international scope and providing its service to other countries are to offer seamless roaming service. It also allows flexibility of the promotional ideas. It also allows innovation of new products. The main benefit of international scope in wireless telecom is competitive advantage, product differentiation, economies of scale, risk management and technological change. Hence in order to grab these opportunities and expand its business in international market the company needs to identify the international strategic issues and problems. It should then aim at solving these issues for the benefit of the company in the international market (Gamble and Thompson 2014). The number of competitors for the wirelesses communication is rising in the international market that is making it essential for the company to adopt strategies that will lead in international integration. To reach to top position in the international market it is essential for the company to review its international strategies for the benefit of the company. The main competitors of Vodafone Company are ATT, China mobile and Nippon Telegraph and telephone. To maximize profit, gaining competitive advantage is essential so that the company is able to create a unique brand name to build customer loyalty (Ghezzi 2013). The strategic issues and problem which listed below are exist in Vodafones current situation and implementation. In order to improve the company international performance, these issues need to take into account to have better strategy and development. 3.1 Differences in customer preferences technology development, and technology in operating region The main strategic issues occurred in Vodafone international strategy (One Vodafone), which leads One Vodafone strategy fail to run and operate globally, are the differences in culture, technology, and technology development. As One Vodafone strategy are trying to use the single technology platform in the market that the company enters and operates. Particularly, the difference in technology development, technology, and customer preferences in two markets, including Japan, The US have made Vodafone fail to run and manage its strategy successfully. The main strategic issue that affects the companys growth in the global market is the differences in the culture of the people. The main aim of Colao should be to deal with the differences in consumer preferences in order to levy its strategy successfully. The main issue is differences in the technological culture between the countries that the company was not being able to handle. , The US have made Vodafone fail to run and manage its strategy successfully (Galliers and Leidner 2014). 3.2 Vodafone has not manage its portfolio effectively (lack of control over its subsidiaries) Strategic issues that exist in Vodafone international strategy (One Vodafone), which leads Vodafone to not manage its international portfolio effectively, are Vodafone lack of control over its subsidiaries in the US, Japan and France market. Although Vodafone has holding minority of stake of Verizon wireless (45 %) in the US market and SFR (44%) in the France market, those two company are not adapted Vodafone while operating in the market. It has shown that Vodafone has not leverage its resources to expand its global presence. The main strategic issue that affects the companys growth in the global market is the differences in the culture of the people. The main aim of Colao should be to deal with the differences in consumer preferences in order to levy its strategy successfully. The main issue is differences in the technological culture between the countries that the company was not being able to handle. , The US have made Vodafone fail to run and manage its strategy successfully (Frynas and Mellahi 2015). 3.3 Vodafone is slow in responding to industry evolution (changing industry evaluation) Vodafone is slowing to respond the market trend due to its mobile focus only strategy. According to (Grant 2013, p. 690) a key market trend was the integration of fixed and mobile communication through bundled offering to customer. While most of domestic focus operator offered quadruple play bundles including comprising fixed and mobile telephony, broadband internet access, and television services, Vodafone is slow to response in this trend and has no strategy for convergence. Furthermore, Vodafone total communication strategy is considered slow reaction to the market trend as they was not able to effectively provide full value to customer in term of bundle offering of mobile and fixed line communication. Due to the industry evolution, handsets market with their software such as Apple (IPhone, IPad), RIM (Blackberry) has shift to be the key player in the industry. However, Vodafone was unable to distributes iPhone or offer their service to iPhone user until 2008. Furthermore, the growing dominant of Apple in mobile internet access meaning that they dominant supply wireless application will limit the value Vodafone can offer to their customer in term of wireless application (Reddy et al. 2014). To improve its international business performance to maximize its profit is that Vodafone can expand its scope and can divest its business into entertainment market. The company should also concentrate on investing in joint venture with the local service provider. Colaos strategy was to expand the business in the market where Vodafone lacked a controlling stakes such as Japan, India and other countries. It is essential for Vodafone to increase its pace of work. It is slow in responding to industry evolution. It also has lack of control of businesses in its international portfolios such as United States and France (Ghezzi et al. 2014). 4. Analysis and evaluation The analysis of the case study shows that the strategy put forth by Colao ahs helped Vodafone company increase its growth. It has reinforced its growth as the worlds most international telecommunication provider. The main problem with Vodafone is to maintain and achieve competitive advantage. The main strategy of Vittorio Colao was to increase and improve the customer value by providing them satisfactory products and reducing the cost of production. The second aim was to strengthen the capital discipline (Grant 2015). 4.1. Difference in customer preferences, technology, and technology development Competitive advantages within international content analysis framework (appendix) are going to use in order to analyse Vodafone current issues and thus to help Vodafone to re identify its competitive advantage in the international market that they are enter and operate, especially Japan and the US market. According to Grant (2013, p 319), competitive advantage in the international content analysis framework helps the organisation to understand how competitive advantage is achieved in the international market when the organisation match its internal strength in resources and capabilities. Moreover, the framework also points out that gaining the competitive advantage in the international market depends on not only firm resources but also the national environment that the firm enters to. Firstly, in relation to Vodafone resources and capabilities in the US and Japan market, technology is the main concern that Vodafone need to take into consideration. One Vodafone strategy is to standard ize the technology and to try to use that same technology platform in every market they are entering, however, difference in technology platform in Japan and The US market have made One Vodafone fail to run effectively and thus Vodafone doesnt achieve the competitive advantage in those market. According to Grant (2013, p. 684), Japan and the US used cellular wireless technologies that differed from the GSM European standard that are used by Vodafone across its other market. For example: Verizon Wireless (the US) used CDMA, which was incompatible with GSM that is used in European. Furthermore, the industry environment is another factors that to evaluate whether the organisation can achieve competitive advantage in the international market or not. In case of Vodafone, entering to the market which have a higher or lower national capacity in technology such as the US, and Japan have made Vodafone fail to achieve the competitive advantage in those market. According to (Grant 2013, p.684) Japan regarded as the worlds advanced market, adopting the wireless technology communication at least two year earlier than Euro. Thus, entering in to the market which have a higher technology capacity like Japan and tried to standardise Vodafone technology and run globally strategy are fail to run or operate. For example : with development of technology in Japan, introducing Vodafone global handset in these market made the users are not satisfy with the technology due to the phone were consider technology backward. On the hands, the US market is considered as slow development in technology which are laggard in adoption 3G wireless technology as well as multiple, incompatible, wireless standard have again pointed out that Vodafone are not able use the same technology platform to operated globally. Besides, trying to standardlise the technology and entering in the market which have higher or lower technology development like US and Japan also made Vodafone fail achieve competitive a dvantage in those market. 4.2 Vodafone has not manage its portfolio effectively (lack of control over its subsidiaries) Initially, the main issues occurred in Vodafone strategy, which lead Vodafone not manage its portfolio effectively, are Vodafone lacked of control over its business in the US, Poland, India, France. According to Vodafone annual report (2011, p 26), Vodafone possess 45% ownership of Verizon Wireless (US), 24,4 % of Polkomtel ( Poland), 4.4 % of Bharti Airtel ( India), and 44% of SFR ( France ). However, that company have not adopted Vodafone brand whilst they are operating. However, that company have not adopted Vodafone brand whilst they are operating. It is essential for the company to develop products and services that are differentiated in nature in order to manage its portfolio effectively. Since the culture of different countries varies it is essential for the company to develop the product keeping in mind the customer preferences of the market. It is essential for the company to invest in Research and Development and analyse the condition of the market. Analysing the market of France and India is essential before entering and expanding its business in the market. It should also disinvest its products into entertainment sector. Making a deal with Google nexus also will help the company compete in the global market. It is also essential to make acquisitions in other countries where the business is expected to grow such as South Africa, India and Ghana. It also plans to introduce new products in the emerging market such as mobile telephones. The main aim is to expand Vodafones business and make its stand in the corporate world. Introducing new mobile technologies and developing new softwares will help the company expand and manage its business in the portfolio scenario (Hill et al. 2014). 4.3 Vodafone is slow in responding to industry evolution (changing industry evaluation) The main reason for the adoption of responding to industry evolution is the instability in finances and availability of low resources. It is essential to manage its cost structures. The company should concentrate in expanding its products services in order to quickly adapt to technological changes. The employees that work in the company should be efficient, knowledgeable, and skilful to adapt the technologies that are new to the market. The company should also have enough resources and money to adapt the change and react quickly to the scenario and present market condition (Johnson et al. 2015). The product and the value provided to the customers should be high and flexible in nature. The strategies that the company forms should be flexible so that the company can change the strategies as the situation demands. It should also concentrate in developing its communication strategy by developing plans such as effective digital marketing strategies. It is also essential to develop the sof tware according to the new technologies such as Apple and Blackberry. The software that it develops should be in compliance with the technologies that come in the market. The managers should be effective and knowledgeable and also should hire employees that have high skill to manage all the complexities. It is also essential to develop resource that is essential to develop and adapt the change in the technology (Albers 2013). Recommendation The analysis shows that Vodafone should derive increased value from international portfolio of business by making a deal with Google nexus to compete with its rival in the global market. It should also concentrate on providing laptops with data cards of minimum charges in the developing countries. Vodafone Company should concentrate on developing strategies that is globally accepted. The main recommendation is to develop and expand its product service and software from just mobile services to other sectors as well. The employees hired should be such that it is able to adapt the changes in the environment and technology. Software development is necessary and so is the product differentiation in order to gain competitive advantage (McFarlin and Sweeney 2014). Conclusion Hence it is essential for Vodafone to expand its business in the global market. To achieve competitive advantage Vodafone needs to review its international strategies. International scope has many benefits such as technological change, and gaining customer advantage by expanding the market. It is advisable for the company to expand its business in international portfolios and divest its business to other sectors to maximize profit and growth. Portfolio management is essential and concentrating on customer preferences is also essential. The differences in culture cause large variations in technological adaption. Hence it is essential to develop strategies that are efficient in managing the cultural differences of the countries. References Albers, S., 2013.Cooperation and competition dynamics of business networks: A strategic management perspective(No. 111). Working Paper, Department of Business Policy and Logistics, University of Cologne. Eden, C. and Ackermann, F., 2013.Making strategy: The journey of strategic management. Sage. Frynas, J.G. and Mellahi, K., 2015.Global strategic management. Oxford University Press, USA. 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